Are Balcony Solar Panels useful in apartments? Millions of renters and apartment owners are at a loss for not being able to take advantage of solar as they don’t have a roof to put their solar power system on. A typical solar installation requires a big budget and a private roof. One can overcome these difficulties by installing solar panels on window sills and balconies.
Advantages
Installing solar panels on the balcony can be done on one’s own. It doesn’t require any help from solar installers. The balcony should be south-facing if you are living in the northern hemisphere.
Another advantage of such an installation is that we can take the solar PV with us when we are moving out of that apartment.
This system is simple because it is not tied to the apartment’s behind-the-meter electrical grid. That means the system is clean and easy to install.
Things to consider
As a safety measure, it would be ideal to have a custom-made supporting structure in the balcony to securely lock the panels in place. The size of the balcony determines the size and number of panels. The larger the panel, the lower the price per watt is. Larger panels of 320 or 360W are available but they are rather bulky and heavy, 160 watts would be optimal. The size of such a panel is 150x70cm, and the weight is 12.5kg. An inverter with 22–60V input voltage would be ideal to connect two panels in series. Microinverter also can use instead of regular inverters.
Inverter
Solar PV produces energy. There should be a means to store that energy as direct current. Inverter converts DC to AC. A battery, which stores energy, should also be connected to the system. A solar panel charge controller is required for any solar panel array rated 12-Watts or higher.
Disadvantages
When there is clouds, there will be a decrease of 20-30% in electricity production. As the sun continuously moves across the sky, the optimal tilt angle will last not more than 1–2 hours per day. A real 100W output from a 100-watt panel is rarely produced. How much one can power from a balcony depends on their location and the amount of sunlight their balcony gets. A portable solar panel might recharge a smartphone after a day in the sun.
What can I power
A solar panel covering in the balcony is capable of powering equipment of about 400 w for about 6–7 hours or powering a mid-size house with led bulbs. Two 160Watt solar PVs placed in a balcony can provide 10–190 watts output depending on the weather and time of the day. It can be used for the consumption of various home devices. If there is no current consumption, the surplus goes to the city power grid.
With solar panels and a battery on the balcony, one can create a solar-powered charging station for electronics items like laptops, phones, wireless earbuds, a few 12V emergency lights, etc.
Financial payback period
The financial payback period for a balcony 360W system is 25 years. An average system cost would be around $2000. The system would create an average of 543kWh energy per year.
If the panels were on the rooftop, the entire calculation would have been different. Rooftop energy production is much above the ones on the balcony. A system in a balcony definitely has limitations of its own.
The financial payback of the system is pretty long, due to the relatively small solar panel system. Considering the space constraints of a balcony, only that is feasible.
Solar Energy Battery
Batteries are expensive and a balcony solar system includes batteries as well. That too accounts for the long payback period.
Power generation from the panels in the balcony will be limited as the number of panels are less and they have limited exposure to the sun. There are certain tips for power production optimization.
Adjusting the tilt of solar panels according to seasons helps to generate more power. It is simple when it comes to adjusting the tilt of panels fixed in a balcony.
Small adjustments can be done every hour, day, or month. Sometimes adapting the angle two or four times per year is the maximum one has to do.
As the solar panels are located very close, they can be cleaned regularly. Roof-mounted solar panels are not easily accessible for cleaning.
Dust and dirt on the panels cause a loss of 1% of generated energy. Without proper washing, the loss will be around 4-6% in dry, dusty, and heavy traffic regions.
By opting for a low voltage DC system, one can save energy. Solar panels produce DC, inverter converts this DC to AC. It is again converted to DC for certain appliances that operate internally on DC.
Inverters are doing DC- AC – DC conversion and it results in significant energy loss.
Connecting the DC produced by solar panels either to DC equipment or to DC batteries for storage can prevent further energy loss.
A DC system multiplies power production by 1.4 times. Less solar panels are needed and there is no need to buy a DC/AC inverter which can save money as well.
What types of Solar PVs used
Choosing efficient solar PVs for a balcony solar system will help in increasing power production.
Panasonic HIT solar panels are one of the most innovative and efficient ways of generating solar energy.
These silicon heterojunction solar cells are unique in structure, resulting in high efficiency. It requires less space compared to kWp.
It has a model for the double-sided panels which can use direct irradiation and diffuse or reflected irradiation.
High efficiency, as well as less space consumption, make Panasonic HIT an ideal arrangement for the balcony solar system.
A rooftop solar power system powers the whole house. We can’t expect a small balcony solar system to do the same. Certainly, it can just help to meet some basic energy needs of a house.
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Why 6.6kW rooftop solar system is popular in Australia
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Installing a home storage battery is a good idea?
Solar system installation on flat roof
